Formatted I/O statements contain explicit format specifiers that
 are used to control the translation of data from internal (binary)
 form within a program to external (readable character) form in the
 records, or vice versa.

 Formatted I/O statements must have a format (FMT=) specified in the
 control list (clist).  Additional "clist" elements are required
 depending on the type of access.

 Formatted sequential READ:

   READ (UNIT=u,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) [iolist]
   READ f [,iolist]

 Formatted direct access READ:

   READ (UNIT=u,REC=rec,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]
    
 Formatted indexed READ (VMS only):

   READ (UNIT=u,FMT=f,KEY=k[,KEYID=n][,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Formatted internal READ:

   READ (UNIT=u,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) [iolist]

 Formatted sequential WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Formatted direct access WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,REC=rec,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Formatted indexed WRITE (VMS only):

   WRITE (UNIT=u,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Formatted internal WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,FMT=f[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Unformatted I/O statements do not contain format specifiers and
 therefore do not translate the data being transferred.

 Unformatted I/O is especially appropriate where the output data
 will subsequently be used as input.  Unformatted I/O saves
 execution time by eliminating the data translation process,
 preserves greater precision in the external data, and usually
 conserves file storage space.

 Unformatted I/O statements do not specify a format (FMT=) in the
 control list (clist).  Other "clist" elements are required
 depending on the type of access.

 Unformatted sequential READ:

   READ (UNIT=u[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) [iolist]

 Unformatted direct access READ:

   READ (UNIT=u,REC=rec[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Unformatted indexed READ (VMS only):

   READ (UNIT=u,KEY=k[,KEYID=n][,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Unformatted sequential WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Unformatted direct access WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,REC=rec[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Unformatted indexed WRITE (VMS only):

   WRITE (UNIT=u[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 List-directed I/O statements are similar to formatted statements in
 function, but control the translation of data through data types
 instead of explicit format specifiers.

 List-directed I/O statements specify a format (FMT=) in the control
 list (clist).  Other "clist" elements are required depending on the
 type of access.

 List-directed sequential READ:

   READ (UNIT=u,FMT=*[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) [iolist]
   READ * [,iolist]

 List-directed internal READ

   READ (UNIT=u,FMT=*[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) [iolist]

 List-directed sequential WRITE

   WRITE (UNIT=u,FMT=*[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 List-directed internal WRITE

   WRITE (UNIT=u,FMT=*[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err]) [iolist]

 Namelist I/O statements are similar to formatted statements in
 function, but control the translation of data through data types
 instead of explicit format specifiers.

 Namelist I/O statements do not specify a format (FMT=) in the
 control list (clist).

 Namelist sequential READ:

    READ (UNIT=u,NML=nml[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err][,END=end]) 
    READ n

 Namelist sequential WRITE:

   WRITE (UNIT=u,NML=nml[,IOSTAT=ios][,ERR=err])